Graduate Institute of Taiwanese Literature, NCCU

Title In An Attempt to Contact with Morden Japanese Literature: A Revalution of Zhang Wen-Huan’s Literary Activity from Nationalism Author Tseng, Chiu-Kuei Professor, Department of Japanese, Tamkang University Abstract To observe from the point of nationalism, it’s not only sensible but necessary for us to survey on literature of Zhang Wen-huan as the Kou-Min-Ka literature. If we simply view from this theme, perhaps we would not be able to have a constructive discover about Kou-Min-Ka literature. Then, this research faces the Zhang Wen-Huan’s experience of studying abroad in Japan. Also, it is possible for us to recognize the fact that many literary works in Japanese modern age are projected in his novel works. Thus, we can come to the conclusion as following. Zhang Wen-Huan is different from the other Taiwanese writers. He suffered in the same way as Natume Souseki who fought with two languages in Japanese modern age. In order to break through the predicament, Zhang Wen-Huan wrote out the sketch of his own life in real fact with the composition of the Japanese as a reference. In 1940s, during extreme Kou-Min-Ka movement, Zhang Wen-Huan, a celebrity, acting as a supporter, appearing in the public and announced for supporting opinions. However, Zhang Wen-Huan always emphasized the personality, behavior, spirit of self-criticism and the importance of Taiwan independence. He claimed the characteristic of Taiwanese and the modernization of Taiwan culture through the Kou-Min-Ka movement. Zhang Wen-Huan aimed toward Kou-Min-Ka movement by learning Japanese. Consequently, through the Kou-Min-Ka movement, he tried to aim toward the Taiwan modern times. His attitude and insistence was consistent. It is necessary to look at Kou-Min-Ka literature by separating from the viewpoint of nationalism. In this way, we can revaluate to the literary activity of Zhang Wen-Huan from viewpoint of the Japanese modern literature.

Title Overcoming “the Measure”: The Imperial Subject Literature and Sakaguchi Reiko’s “To shusen” and “the Te Family” Author Takehisa Yasutaka Associate Professor, Department of Languages and Culture, Hijiyam niversity Abstract The measure” judging the values from superiority to inferiority existed in colonial Taiwan under Japanese ruling. Some Taiwanese gained the gaze of Japanese style through incorporating into this measure. The Imperial subject literature written by Taiwanese reminded them that “we are not Japanese” through the sense of blood. The imperial subject literature is the narrative about how they decided to become volunteer solider to shed the blood for becoming Japanese. On the other hand, Sakaguchi Reiko, who was praised as “not gazing the islanders and the aborigines with the imperial eyes,” asserted that “the measure” was made by the fragile nerves of Taiwanese themselves in her “To Shusen”. Sakaguchi pointed out that “the measure” can be overcome by self-determination, however, this universal position not only made the reality of colonial rule based on the blood discourse invisible, but reinforced the discourse maintaining the exploited system of racial-discrimination. Besides, in “the Te Family”, “the measure” was based under “the spirits of the whole world under one roof.” Digesting and Japanizing everything with vitality, it not only made Japan swallow Taiwanese culture, but erased the differences between Taiwan and Japan. It too reinforced the ruling discourse based on the blood with symbolic meaning. We can see how all the ways of overcoming “the measure” in Sakaguchi’s works function as the endorsement of maintaining the system of colonial ruling.

Title The Language Policy in the Movement of the Imperial Subjective and the Marriage between Japanese and Taiwanese: Along Masugi Shizue’s “the Language of the South” Author Wu, Pei-Chen Assistant Professor, Department of Japanese Language and Culture, Shoochow University／Graduate Institute of Taiwanese Literature, National Chengchi University Abstract Masugi Shizue is few of the Japanese female writers who possesses the colonial experience and creates her works based on her life experience in colonial Taiwan. “The Language of the South” is one of them reflects the language policy in Taiwan under Japanese colonization as well as the issue of the Inter-racial marriage between Japanese and Taiwanese. In general, the male colonizers dominate the power of language. On the contrary, the colonized have been forced to pick up the language of the colonizers and achieved nothing but mimicry during the process of learning the colonizer’s language. However, the linguistic relationship between Kimura Hanako and Ree Kinshi in “the Language of the South” indicates more complicated layer in colonial language policy in contemporary Taiwan. Through analyzing this work, this paper will shed light on the relationships between the language policy in the period of the imperial subjective, the gender issue and the marriage between Japanese and Taiwanese in “the Language of the South”.

Title Colonization, War and Women: A Study of Masugi Shizue’s Work Written During the Period of Colonial Taiwan Author Lee, Wen-Ju Assistant Professor, Department of Oriental Literature, Tzu University Abstract In modern history, Japanese colonial policy in Asia has had a close connection with war (e.g. Sino-Chinese War War, the Pacific War). The character and purpose of the war and colonial rule are different, so it is necessary to separate these two to deal with Taiwan colonial literature. This paper will prove it by taking Masugi Shizue’s work as an example. Masugi came to Taiwan with her family when she was 3 years old and went to Japan in 1921. After that, she began to engage in storywriting. Her works, written during the period of the Sino-Chinese War and the Pacific War, have two meanings. 1. How the Japanese female writer spontaneously participates in colonialism? 2. How the Japanese female writer directly or indirectly participated in the male-dominated society despite her colonial background during the Sino-Chinese War?

Title Conflicting “Locality”: The Representation of Colonial Taiwan in Go Kisei’s “Buta” Author Wu, Yi-Shin Graduate Student, Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Tsukuba Abstract In July 1933, Taiwanese students living in Tokyo started the publication Formosa, in an attempt to create “true Taiwanese literature”. This magazine, featuring mostly creations in Japanese, is thought to have been important in providing direction for Taiwanese literary activity. Taiwanese students had to avoid depicting colonial “reality” and tone down political aspects in order to have their work published and read widely. They had no choice but writing apolitical tales in the colonizer’s language, if they aspired for “universal” readership in Imperial Japan. Inside Taiwan, the works in Formosa which gained the most attention were Go Ki-sei’s “Buta” (Pigs), which depicted colonial “reality” of Taiwan. “Buta”, a story about the misery life of a pig-farming family, was discussed on the Taiwan Shinminpou newspaper for several weeks as it connected to the arguments about “Taiwanese local literature ”. What this research focuses on is the way in which the novel translates Taiwanese things into “Japanese”, using Kyushu or Tohoku dialects in conversations between Taiwanese characters. This paper will examine what meaning was behind the acceptance inside Taiwan of “Buta”, which brings forward “local color” regarding Taiwan opposed to Imperial Japan.

Title The Importance of the Collected Taiwanese Folktales in Japanese Under Japanese Rule (1895-1945) Author Peng, Yen-Lun Assistant Professor, Graduate Institute of Folk Literature, National Hualien University of Education Abstract In the development of Taiwanese folktales, Japanese rule period is an important stage. The collected Taiwanese folklores written in Japanese in this period even occupied a leading role during the developing process. Based on the situation in above, this paper will discuss the importance of the collected Taiwanese folktales written in Japanese in this period and will focus on the range of the folktales by the Hang ethnic group. After classifying the works, we can see that there are three points. First is the essential role of the folktales in the development. The collected Taiwanese folklores published in Japanese in this period is helpful to offer a lot precious clues to figure out how the folktales in contemporary Taiwan sustain in current styles. Second is that these collective works are abundant and various in kind. The stories in these collected works are full with Taiwanese color, relate to Chinese classics and even adopt the plots from the world literary works. Because of the abundant contents of the stories, the Taiwanese folktales are able to incessantly develop and become flourish today. Third is making up the lack and promoting the vales of folktales. The study of the collected Taiwanese folktales published in Japanese in Japanese rule period need to be broadened. If lack of this study could be made up, it would be helpful to make the developing processes clear. Moreover, through connecting with the other international studies and helping the researches of Taiwanese folk cultures will be able to promote the academic values of Taiwanese folktale study. In current, due to lack of the research on Taiwanese folktales written in Japanese under Japanese rule period, the study of this field in colonial Taiwan under Japanese rule is definitely important. I hope this paper will play a pioneer role to urge people to pay attention on this field, then to study on the compiling process of these collected works and to analyze them and to study the various in meanings.

Title Literary Creation of “Talisman” Style: Zhong Li-He as an Example Author Wang, You-Hua Assistant Professor, Department of Chinese Language and Literature, National United University Abstract Art therapists Joy Schaverien, in his article “A Scapegoat and Talisman”, had done many diversified discussions about the “talisman” phenomenon of arts, and he thought that many works of creators were actually displacements, wishing to relief self hardship and calamity by means of “a scapegoat”. Based on this dissert, this paper used the works of Zhong Li-He as an example, analyzed the “talisman” phenomenon of his works. Zhong Li-He had been suffered from his marriage of the same surname and lung disease over his whole life, he was not accepted by his family and society, could not even get a good job, either. Thus had been penniless and frustrated over his whole life. By using “self-disclosure” method, he continuously repeated his being encountered with unfair treatments, and situated in multiple predicaments, all of these works had become his “a scapegoat”, and a tool to show his wounds to people in the world. This paper analyzed that Zhong Li-He expected to gain sympathy and understanding from people, wished to change the present situation, and no more being poked by destiny. But unfortunately, his wish was not accomplished even till his passing away.